Alexandria is Egypt’s Mediterranean city, a destination shaped by Greek, Roman, Arab and modern Egyptian history. Founded by Alexander the Great in 331 BC, it became one of the ancient world’s greatest centres of learning and trade. Today, Alexandria combines a lively seafront, historic monuments, busy cafés and a distinctly Mediterranean atmosphere.

Cruise ships call at Alexandria Port, which lies close to the city centre and its main waterfront sights. The port is also a gateway to Cairo and the Giza pyramids, although the journey inland is long and requires careful planning. Passengers who prefer to stay local can enjoy Alexandria’s historic landmarks, seafood restaurants and Corniche views during a full day in port.

Top attractions and sights in Alexandria

• Bibliotheca Alexandrina: This striking modern library and cultural complex pays tribute to the ancient Library of Alexandria. Its museums, exhibitions and distinctive circular design make it one of the city’s essential sights.
• Citadel of Qaitbay: Built in the 15th century on the site traditionally associated with the Pharos Lighthouse, this waterfront fortress offers views across the Mediterranean and Alexandria’s harbour.
• Catacombs of Kom el Shoqafa: These underground Roman-era tombs reveal a fascinating blend of Egyptian, Greek and Roman artistic traditions.
• Pompey’s Pillar: This imposing red-granite column is one of the best-known remnants of ancient Alexandria and stands among the ruins of the Serapeum.
• Kom el-Dikka: The archaeological site includes a Roman theatre, ancient baths and mosaics, providing an insight into daily life in Roman Alexandria.
• Montaza Palace and Gardens: Set beside the sea, these landscaped gardens surround the former royal palace complex and are a pleasant place for a walk away from the busiest parts of the city.
• Abu al-Abbas al-Mursi Mosque: The elegant mosque in the Anfushi area is an important religious landmark, recognised for its domes, arches and richly decorated interior.
• Alexandria Corniche: The long seafront promenade is ideal for taking in the Mediterranean atmosphere, watching fishing boats and stopping at a traditional café.

A shore excursion to Cairo and the Giza pyramids is possible from Alexandria, but the overland journey takes substantial time. Organised excursions are usually the most practical option for cruise passengers, particularly when a ship has a fixed departure time.

Beaches near Alexandria

Alexandria has a long Mediterranean coastline and several beach areas. Montaza and Maamoura, east of the central waterfront, are popular seaside areas with sandy shores and a more resort-like atmosphere. Miami Beach is another well-known coastal district, although it can be busy, especially during the Egyptian summer. For a quieter experience, ask a local guide about the best currently accessible beach area, as facilities and access can vary seasonally.

Local products and shopping in Alexandria

Alexandria’s markets and shops offer a wide selection of Egyptian souvenirs. Look for colourful textiles, Egyptian cotton clothing, scarves, spices, traditional metalwork and handmade jewellery. Papyrus artwork is a popular purchase, but buyers should ask about its material and craftsmanship if they want a genuine papyrus product.

Other widely available Egyptian gifts include alabaster ornaments, wooden boxes, leather goods and small replicas of ancient Egyptian objects. The markets around the city centre and traditional shopping streets are useful for browsing, while specialist shops may offer better-quality crafts and more reliable descriptions of their products. Bargaining is common in many markets, but it is best done politely.

Food and local cuisine

Alexandria is particularly famous for seafood. Look for freshly prepared fish, prawns, calamari and other Mediterranean seafood, often served grilled or with rice, salads and local sauces. Alexandrian seafood casseroles and spiced seafood dishes are popular choices in local restaurants.

• Koshari: A filling Egyptian dish of rice, lentils, pasta, chickpeas, tomato sauce and crispy onions.
• Ful medames: Slow-cooked fava beans seasoned with olive oil, lemon and spices, commonly eaten for breakfast.
• Ta’ameya: Egypt’s version of falafel, traditionally made with fava beans rather than chickpeas.
• Alexandrian liver: Spiced fried liver served in bread, a well-known Egyptian street-food favourite.
• Feteer meshaltet: A layered Egyptian pastry that can be served plain, sweet or with savoury fillings.
• Basbousa: A syrup-soaked semolina dessert, often topped with almonds or other nuts.

For drinks, try hibiscus tea, known locally as karkadeh, or Egyptian mint tea. Fresh juices are also widely available, while a traditional coffee or tea in a seafront café is a simple way to experience Alexandria’s relaxed café culture.

Tips for cruise passengers

Alexandria Port is close enough to the central city sights for a shore excursion by taxi, private guide or organised tour. Transport conditions can be busy, so allow extra time for traffic, security procedures and returning to the ship. Agree on the fare and destination before taking a taxi, or use a reputable tour operator arranged through the cruise line or a trusted local provider.

• For a city day: Combine the Citadel of Qaitbay, the Corniche, the Bibliotheca Alexandrina and one or two ancient sites rather than trying to see every attraction.
• For history enthusiasts: Visit the catacombs, Pompey’s Pillar and Kom el-Dikka, ideally with a knowledgeable guide who can explain Alexandria’s multicultural past.
• For a relaxed itinerary: Enjoy the seafront, explore Montaza Gardens and have a seafood lunch in a local restaurant.
• For Cairo and the pyramids: Choose a well-organised excursion and check the schedule carefully. The journey is long, so a Cairo visit may leave little time for Alexandria itself.
• For shopping: Carry small Egyptian pounds for modest purchases, compare quality before buying and keep receipts for valuable items.
• For local etiquette: Dress respectfully when visiting mosques and religious sites, ask before photographing people and follow instructions at archaeological monuments.
• Before returning to the ship: Leave a generous time buffer for traffic and port security. Alexandria is rewarding to explore, but its busy roads can make travel times unpredictable.